The Center For Disease Control And Prevention - 1506 Words

Project Proposal Description I will be evaluating the Center for Disease Control and Prevention’s (CDC’s) One Only Campaign. This educational public health campaign has been led by the CDC in partnership with the Safe Injection Practices Coalition (SIPC) (CDC, 2015). Evaluating the Channels and Messages I will utilize the Theory of Reasoned Action and the Framework for Effective Campaigns to evaluate this public health educational campaign (Valente, 2001). I will apply course concepts to analyze the Safe Injection Practices How to do it Right video and investigate the audio PSA for injection safety called, ‘Protect Patients by Using Single- and Multi-Dose Vials Correctly’ which has been aired on the radio (CDC, 2015). Following my analysis of these two campaign messages, I will offer my views of issues that the sponsors of this campaign may have overlooked and what unintended effect may occur in response to this public health message. Message Source and Target Audience The Safe Injection Practices Coalition (SIPC) is a CDC-led partnership that is comprised of healthcare-related organizations, patient advocacy groups, healthcare industry partners, and other public health entities which was established in 2009 and is responsible for developing the ‘One Only’ campaign (CDC, 2015). The SIPC devised the ‘One Only’ campaign with the goals of improving education and awareness to empower healthcare providers and patients and encourage them to mandate safe methodsShow MoreRelatedCenters for Disease Control and Prevention629 Words   |  3 PagesCDC Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Weam Khadim PBHE501-American Public University May 21, 2013 Dr. Shalah Watkins-Bailey Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Center for Disease Control and Prevention is a national public health federal agency under Department of Health and Human Services headquartered in Atlanta, Georgia. It is division of Department of Health and Human Services responsible for managing national programs for control and prevention of communicable diseasesRead MoreThe Center For Disease Control And Prevention1467 Words   |  6 PagesProject Proposal Description I will be evaluating the Center for Disease Control and Prevention’s (CDC’s) One Only Campaign. This public health educational campaign has been led by the CDC in partnership with the Safe Injection Practices Coalition (SIPC). Evaluating the Channels and Messages I will utilize the Theory of Reasoned Action and the Framework for Effective Campaigns to evaluate this public health educational campaign (Valente, 2001). I will utilize course concepts to analyze theRead MoreCenters For Disease Control And Prevention Essay735 Words   |  3 PagesCenters for Disease Control and Prevention. CDC-Funded HIV Testing: United, States, Puerto Rico and the U.S. Virgin Islands. Atlanta, Georgia 2014. An 85-page HIV funding and testing guideline issued by the Center for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) in 2014. The document highlights the steps that organizations providing HIV testing and services must follow, upon receiving a HIV positive test result. This process includes uniting the medical and social aspects of HIV care for patients. The documentRead MoreCenters For Disease Control And Prevention Essay753 Words   |  4 Pages1. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. CDC-Funded HIV Testing: United, States, Puerto Rico and the U.S. Virgin Islands. Atlanta, Georgia 2014. An 85-page, 2014, Center for Disease Control (CDC) issued guidelines for HIV funding and testing. The document highlights the steps that organizations proving HIV testing and services must follow, upon receiving a positive HIV test results. This process includes uniting medical and social aspects of HIV care for the patient by providing referrals toRead MoreThe Center For Disease Control And Prevention1218 Words   |  5 Pages Sharp Safety Procedures and Guidelines Kelli Bauman Bake University School of Nursing NU332: Foundations of Nursing November 11, 2015 Sharps Safety Procedure and Guidelines The Center for Disease Control and Prevention (2011, para. 2) defines a sharps injury as, â€Å"a penetrating stab wound from a needle, scalpel, or other sharp object that may result in exposure to blood or other body fluids.† Different types of sharps include intravenous cannulas, butterfly needles, hypodermicRead MoreThe Center For Disease Control And Prevention1562 Words   |  7 PagesFindings Furthermore, the Center for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) reported that studies, as noted before, have shown PrEP reduces the risk of getting HIV through sexual intercourse by more than 90% and by more than 70% among populations who inject drugs when taken regularly. Gay or bisexual men increase their chance of being exposed to the virus if they have had anal sex without a condom, been diagnosed with an STD during the past 6 months or are in a relationship with an HIV-positive partnerRead MoreThe Center For Disease Control And Prevention1497 Words   |  6 Pages1. The Center for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) had many key audiences it was required to communicate with during the Ebola outbreak. Most importantly, the CDC needed to be communicating with employees within the CDC. They needed to be on the same page as to how messages were being released and controlled, as this was a very sensitive subject. Furthermore, it was imperative that heath care providers around the world were receiving appropriate information. U.S. government agencies, the WorldRead MoreThe Centers Of Disease Control And Prevention856 Words   |  4 PagesThe Centers of Disease Control and Prevention also known as the CDC is the leading federal agency that provides information in all areas of health and safety. The CDC has been at the forefront in numerous areas of medical research and has now taking on the role of providing information about Attention Deficit Hyper Activity Disorder commonly known as ADHD. There are a variety of neurodevelopment disorders, and ADHD is considered to be the most common even though it was first documented in 1902. TheRead MoreThe Centers For Disease Control And Prevention1783 Words   |  8 PagesThe Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) reports, the cause of death to be roughly 720,000 citizens in the United States die from cardiovascular disease each year (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 2014.) Deaths’ relating to cardiovascular disease have slightly dropped annually since the 1980’s. Coronary artery disease is the most prevalent type of cardiovascular disease in the U.S. and it kills around 400,000 Americans annually (Murphy, Xu, Kochanek, 2013.) Statistics likeRead MoreThe Centers For Disease Control And Prevention2870 Words   |  12 PagesProgram Description The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) is an organization that was created to protect America from health threats both foreign and domestic. This organization fights diseases, educates citizens and provides care. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention is funded by the CDC’s Procurement and Grants Office (PGO) that receives it budgets through contracts, contributions and cooperative agreements. One of the programs that the CDC has developed through its funding

Security Policies And The Security Plan - 1441 Words

Security Policies The critical factor of network development is security planning. Without doing a full hazard appraisal, it is unrealistic to get ready for security. This security arranging includes creating security policies and executing controls to keep PC dangers from getting to be reality. Figure 7 : Security Plan Every organization is distinctive and should arrange and make policies based upon its individual security objectives and requirements. The danger assessment gives a baseline to implementing security arrangements to ensure resources against different dangers. There are three essential inquiries one needs to request that all together enhance the security of a system. †¢ What resources inside of the organization needs protection †¢ What are the dangers to each of these assets †¢ How much time period, expenditure and effort is the organization willing to consume to update or get new sufficient security against these dangers. Creating Security Polices and Controls An organization s security plan comprises of security approaches. Security approaches give particular rules for ranges of obligation, and comprise of arrangements that give steps to take and standards to take after to implement the policies. Policies must be in such away that which we consider more important and what are the steps we are going to take to safe guard them. Different types ofShow MoreRelatedA Security Plan Policy For An Dod Information Protection From Loss Of Confidentiality, Integrity, And Availability1246 Words   |  5 Pagesforces, and 718,000 civilian personnel. With such a huge organization does come with a huge network, and security infrastructure network, and the burden to protect the information transferred or stored on that network. This means information is a strategic asset to the Department of Defense; it’s therefor the goal of this security policy to provide guidelines of implementing information security and awareness to insure that information transferred or stored over the DoD network is appropriately protectedRead MorePlan And Implement A Security Policy For Protect Our Financial, Intellectual And Customer Data From External Threats799 Words   |  4 PagesRecommendation to plan and implement a security policy in order to protect our financial, intellectual and customer data from external threats. The rising number of cyber security attacks is a problem that is growing more advanced everyday. In 2014 cyber attacks against large corporation increase 40 percent from the previous year (Carey, 2015). Due to these threats small businesses through large multi-national corporations are under immense scrutiny as to how they are dealing with protecting theirRead MoreU.s. Department Of Homeland Security1668 Words   |  7 Pages1. Purpose Among one of the missions of The U.S. Department of Homeland Security is to protect and preserve the security of the Cyberspace in the country. The principal objective of this Security Plan is to give instructions and direction for the Department’s workers and help the Homeland Security to create best practices and strategies in the IT security system. 2. Scope This policy needs to be applied to all users, employees, contractors, suppliers and to all IT resources such as e-mails, filesRead MoreInformation Systems Security Survey Essay1206 Words   |  5 Pages Information Systems Security Survey CSIA 303 Assignment 1 University of Maryland University College October 10, 2014 Information Systems Security Survey The University of Nebraska Medical Center (UNMC) is an institution that was built back in the 19th century. 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Organizations must have a system inRead MoreThe Ethics And Ethics, Prevention And Protection1459 Words   |  6 PagesThe Security professional is a must to understand the law and ethics, prevention and protection, security issues and controlling the risk associated with the programs. The report would present the governance, policies, the implementation and procedures and the standards ensures the security of the organization. The main aim is to control the risk to an extent, so the organization can withstand and protect the organization assets from being attacked are very crucial and while working with the sensitiveRead MoreImplementing A Company s Security Plan Essay1089 Words   |  5 PagesAssignment- Security Jean Robert Robillard BUSN624: Principles of E-Commerce APUS Professor: Alex Lazio 11/27/16 Weekly Assignment-Security 1. Identify and describe the five main steps in establishing a company’s security plan? The IT department of e-commerce firms must have a security plan to protect the technologies and assess the risks. Laudon and Traver identify five steps in establishing and assessing the company’s security plan. The followings are the steps: risk assessment, security policyRead MoreThe Security And Security Policy Essay791 Words   |  4 PagesThe purpose for an IT security policy is to provide â€Å"strategy, policy, and standards regarding the security of and operations in cyberspace, and encompasses the full range of threat reduction, vulnerability reduction, deterrence, international engagement, incident response, resiliency, and recovery policies and activities, including computer network operations, information assurance, law enforcement, diplomacy, military, and intelligence missions as they relate to the security and stability of theRead MoreEffective Information Security Policy Elements864 Words   |  4 PagesEffective Information Security Policy Elements In the world today technology is used everywhere, no matter if it is personal or business. Although technology has become important for so many reasons, there is also a measure of security that must be taken for protection. Policies are put into place for protection the organization from fall into a pitfall. It has also helped the organization to build better relations with personals, and build growth within the cooperate industry. There a several waysRead MoreA Plan For Reactive And Proactive Security Planning1173 Words   |  5 Pages Policy Implementation Student : Andre Ealy Instructor : Steve Powelson University of Phoenix CMGT / 582 June 29, 2015 Security Planning After assessing the risk invovled with the organization infrastructure. The next step is security planning which involves developing controls and policies with techniques to help with security. The security strategies will define a plan for reactive and proactive security planning. The planning is developed to protect the company assets. Reactivly

The Theme Of Corruption In Shakespeare’s Hamlet Essay Sample free essay sample

Introduction Corruptness can be seen in different signifiers. given to deliver by different writers and played to perfection by assorted characters. This is the instance in William Shakespeare’sHamlet. The play’s cardinal premiss is that corruptness permeates the lives of people who are near to it. It can be easy seen in the drama as it unfolds scene by scene and can be witnessed even until the terminal of the drama wherein the corruptness of the characters. the land and the existences of the people reach their pinnacle. In the drama. Hamlet. it starts with Horatio and the other guards witnessing the shade of their male monarch who has late passed off. This troubled male monarch left his lone boy. Hamlet who so finds himself seeking to pass on with the shade. He follows the shade and so learns that his father’s decease was a planned slaying. Because of this Hamelet seeks retaliation and begins to move queerly in the presence of his people. Rosencratz and Guildenstern are Hamlet’s friends from his instruction and they spy on Hamlet consequently. Meanwhile. Hamlet finds that he would travel about exposing the slaying to the male monarch by composing a drama similar to the fortunes environing the slaying. The drama is acted out in forepart of the male monarch and when he notices the similarity. he bolts out of the room. Gertrude negotiations to Hamlet in her room in order to hold Hamlet open up about his actions. Meanwhile Polonius fells in the room with the motivation of listen ining on Hamlet. Hamlet on the other manus decides to slay the male monarch but delaies when he sees the male monarch praying. Hamlet. being called upon by his female parent senses that there is an eavesdropper in the room stabs the concealment figure and so manages to kill Polonius. Hamlet unsuccessful at his purpose to convert his female parent that the male monarch is huffy so learns about the male monarchs orders to set him to his decease. Because of this. Hamlet so writes a missive that would set his bodyguards to decease. Hamlet learns that Ophelia committed self-destruction because of the decease of her male parent. He so stumbles upon Laertes. who is Ophelia’s brother and the king’s boy in the entombment. One of the efforts to kill Hamlet goes to Gertrude. which is a poisoned drink. While Laertes uses a blade with a poisoned tip. Hamlet manages to kill Laertes and lets him complete the drink. In the terminal. no 1 is left and all who have been corrupted dice. The cardinal subject of the drama is all about corruptness. You will be able to see it through the different lives that have been intertwined in the drama. It can be seen that the assorted characters who are involved in the drama seem to hold one thing in common—they have all been corrupted in one manner or another. If one looks at the different waies that these people have gone through. one will detect that there is more to the superficial motivations of the people. If one looks at Hamlet from a really personal position. if you did non cognize the different fortunes was playing around him. you would likely believe that he has gone huffy. That is in fact. what other people thought about him. Claudius There are so many degrees of corruptness that one can happen in the drama. One of that is the mental type of corruptness. Cladius really articulately puts it when he says. â€Å"Through disposition disposition be crisp as will: my stronger guilt lickings my strong purpose ; and like a adult male to duplicate bussiness bound. I stand in intermission where I foremost Begin and both neglect` ( Act 111. scene 11 ) He seems to happen himself corrupted in a manner that he has no control over it. This is why he was able to slay the male monarch himself through the secret plan that was given to Hamlet by his father’s shade. This is a testament to the fact that people can be corrupted in ways that they don’t know about. Wormald references that there is a corruptness of both human and natural orders in this drama merely because of the despicable nature of the workss that the narrative perpetuates. ( Wormald. 2002 ) Because of this. the character of Claudius can be considered as a really astute and cagey individual. In the drama. he is known to be person manipulates different events every bit good as people for the exclusive intent of staying inexperienced person. However. he is every bit guilty as any liquidator who kills a individual firsthand. The difference with Claudius is that he becomes really manipulative and with the corruptness inside of him. he so proceeds to pervert other people as good. Claudius’s accomplishment at fraudulence frequently hides his true purpose. One of the illustrations of this sort of action can be seen when he incites Laertes to kill Hamlet when he says. â€Å"Laertes. was your male parent beloved to you? Or are you like the picture of a sorrow. a face without a bosom? † ( Act 4. scene 7 ) The Kingdom of Denmark The Kingdom of Denmark is a land that can be described as being drowned in corruptness. Because of the assorted corruptness being portrayed in the drama. it is. no uncertainty. one of the beginnings of corruptness for the full drama. Hunt describes this universe as â€Å"a universe that has undergone a extremist autumn or transmutation into an ‘unweeded garden’ overwhelmed with corruptness. † ( Hunt. 2004 ) One could even overlook that the queen so fleetly married the uncle of Hamlet and merely concentrate on the fact that the queen even married Hamlet’s uncle after the decease of the former male monarch. This peculiar case frowned upon by Parker when he mentions that the really act of the queen and the new male monarch yoke in bed is as if the act is â€Å"stewed in corruption† ( Parker. 2003 ) Another thing that could be seen as corrupted in the land is the manner that the King plotted to kill Hamlet by the offering of a drink with toxicant. This i s one of the cases that the corruptness within the political model of a land is highlighted. ( Alexander. 1972 ) Queen Gertrude One of the corruptnesss that can be seen in this character is the corruptness in her morality. It is rather obvious that there was something incorrect with the manner that everything was orchestrated merely because of one of Hamlet’s remarks about how fast her female parent married Claudius. Hamlet says â€Å"a small month. or ere those places were old. with which she followed my hapless male parents body. like Niobe. all tears-why she even she†¦married with my uncle† ( Act 1. cene 11 ) The manner Hamlet phrased it is in a manner speculative and at the same clip reminiscent of an immoral behaviour. Even though one could reason the hurting that being left with no 1 to soothe her in all sorts of ways. the fact remains that the queen did non even sorrow his father’s absence. It could be gleaned from the confession of the Ghost when he called Claudius as â€Å"that incestuous. that debased animal. † Because of this. the corruptness that was present at the clip was really important because it shed visible radiation on the character of Claudius even before the decease of the male monarch. Because the shade called the king an fornicator. it hence follows that the male monarch. while he was alive. knew of what was go oning between her married woman and Claudius. This now sheds new information on how moral corruptness has permeated even the queen. Ophelia With respect to Hamlet’s merely love. Ophelia. her corruptness could be classified as holding no right thought when she committed self-destruction. Even in the face of decease. it would take person who is non sane to take her ain life. Although one could merely reason that the heartache that Ophelia was so great because her male parent was apparently murdered. it would still take some kind of corruptness for Ophelia to be able to perpetrate self-destruction. Because of the corruptness that rubbed off Ophelia. all the prevarications and the fraudulence around her began to take its toll and what was planted in her head finally began to unknot. Decision The land. the demoiselle. the queen and the king—all of them are finally caught and consumed in this intricate spider’s web of prevarications. fraudulence and corruptness in the latter phase of the drama. In the centre of all of the corruptness is Hamlet. He sees the fornicator. he manages to by chance kill person and finally he is consumed by the corruptness with his decease. All of the things. topographic points and people that are in the drama Hamlet all go about portraying about a universe gone incorrect because of corruptness. With that being said. it should be surmised that corruptness can non be contained in oneself. It will finally distribute throughout the different countries of one’s immediate milieus. All of the darkness that resides in a individual will distribute to others if it is non stopped early on. Ultimately. all of the corruptness in the lives of the characters in the drama consumed them wholly. either on intent or otherwise. It is an often-used cliche when people say that absolute power corrupts perfectly. In the instance of Hamlet and the other characters. they served as first-class illustrations of the result of corruptness. Bibliography Wormald. Mark. ( 2002 ) .Hopkins. Hamlet. and the Victorians: Carrion Comfort.Victorian Poetry. Vol. 40. Hunt. Maurice. ( 2004 ) .â€Å"Forward Backward† Time and the Apocalypse in Hamlet. Comparative Drama. Vol. 38. Alexander. Nigel. ( 1972 ) .Poison. Play. and Duel: A Study in Hamlet. Renaissance Quarterly. Vol. 25. No. 4 Thomson. Ann. ( 2006 ) .Hamlet Arden Shakespeare: Third Seriess. Arden. Wales.

ICT Project Management and Methodology

Question: Discuss about the ICT Project Management and Methodology. Answer: Project methodology and its role in project management According to Kerzner (2013), a project is defined as a planned set of interrelated tasks that is used to accomplish a common goal over a fixed period and within certain cost and other limitations. However, these projects have to be managed throughout their life cycle from initiation stage to the closing state. Thus, according to Schwalbe (2015) project methodologies are used to manage these projects through the application of knowledge, skills, tools, and techniquesin order to meet theprojectrequirements and are considered as a guiding process for project managers. Image1: Project Life Cycle (Source: Kerzner 2013) A project methodology is a model that is used for design, planning, implementation and achievement of their project objectives. Burke (2013) depicts that selection of an appropriate methodology will benefit the project to accept and resolve the evolved risk with high proficiency. Moreover, Tomanek and Juricek (2015) portrays that project methodologies provide strategic benefits, tactical benefits and operational benefits to the project. Strategic benefits signify the ability to assess the risks that large projects encompass and apply relevant strategies to overcome those risks. Tactical benefits resemble the situation to evaluate the validity of status assessments and ensure early recognition and correction of the risk for a project; whereas, operational benefits allows a project manager to deliver cost-effective, schedule-compressed solutions by empowering the team members to accomplish the project in a correct way (Cooke, 2016). PRINCE2 and Agile project methodology Compare and Contrast Image2: PRINCE2 project methodology for project development cycle (Source: Cooke, 2016) PRINCE2 concentrates on controlling the delivery of products and not emphasize on the quality of the project while agile project methodology provides a flexible approach for building the projects with required quality for every phase of the project life cycle. Moreover, Tomanek and Juricek (2015) portrays that the PRINCE2 is a project methodology for designing a project and Agile is the development tools for making the software better. Image3: Agile project methodology for project development cycle (Source: Thiemich and Puhlmann, 2013) Thiemich and Puhlmann (2013) illustrated that Agile project methodology focuses on collaboration for developing software along with the client and this is done by defining and prioritizing requirements, developing, evaluating and considering feedback from customers for every cycle of iterations. On the other hand, PRINCE2 defines the interface between the project and skilled team members project manager, team manager and project board. Similarities and differences PRINCE2 and Agile project methodology that is used for developing software for accomplishing certain business objective or purpose. These project methodologies have the similarity to provide significant flexibility and speed that result in increased customer satisfaction, effective cost control, improved communication and efficient decision-making (Antunes et al., 2015). PRINCE2 project methodology Agile project methodology Principle The business case for the project has to be present during the life cycle of the project. Revisiting of the project owner for assessing the backlog of the project Learning aspect The development of software using PRINCE2 needs previous experience of the project manager. The entire project is developed in modules and after accomplishments of each module; the team members revised the sprint for making it better (Antunes et al., 2015). Documentation PRINCE2 is documented in product based planning and focussed on products and their quality The team member notes the project requirements and criteria and these criteria are used for developing projects whose quality will be judged on the quality of each sprint. Requirement Change The project have to be tightly controlled The project does not have to be tightly schedule and can be changed according to the client's requirements at any time. Scope PRINCE2 accurately predicts the project requirements and the future demands Agile methodology is used for formulating perfect software to capture as much as efficiency in giving time and budget. Used techniques PRINCE2 uses business case; change control, quality review and product based planning (Tomanek Juricek, 2015). The agile methodology uses Timeboxing, prototyping, agile modeling, prioritize requirement list and MoSCoW prioritization (Cooke, 2016). Table 1: Difference between PRINCE2 and Agile project methodology (Source: Created by Author) Relation of PRINCE2 and Agile project methodology with project life cycle (PLC) Saad et al. (2014) portrays that PRINCE2 (PRojects IN Controlled Environments) offers guidelines, recommendations, and processes for planning the formulation of the software. PRINCE2 helps the project managers to reach project goals with an optimal use of resources. During the project life cycle, PRINCE2 helps the formulation of the software manage by stages and majorly emphasizes on three processes of the project life cycle- "initiating a project", "managing a stage boundary", and "starting up a project". In project life cycle, there are four stages- initiation, planning, execution/monitoring and termination of a project. Agile project methodology provides flexibility to make changes in the module of a software development and the testing of each module can be integrated from initiation point to termination point at the end of developing the entire software (Thiemich Puhlmann, 2013). This methodology also emphasizes more on the regular communicationapproach with the customers so that they can evaluate whether all their criteria will be fulfilled or not. Reference List Antunes, B., Santos, D., Lopes, E., Fidalgo, F., Alves, P. (2015). Blisstrail: An Agile Project Business Case Study.Procedia Computer Science,64, 529-536. Burke, R. (2013). Project management: planning and control techniques.New Jersey, USA. Cooke, J. L. (2016). PRINCE2 Agile. Kerzner, H. R. (2013).Project management: a systems approach to planning, scheduling, and controlling. John Wiley Sons. Saad, S., Ibrahim, A., Asma, O., Khan, M. S., Akhter, J. (2014). PRINCE2 MEthodology: AN INNovAtIvE WAy foR IMPRovINg PERfoRMANCE of MAlAysIAN AutoMotIvE INdustRy.The Journal of Technology Management and Technopreneurship (JTMT),1(1). Schwalbe, K. (2015).Information technology project management. Cengage Learning. Thiemich, C., Puhlmann, F. (2013). An agile BPM project methodology. InBusiness Process Management(pp. 291-306). Springer Berlin Heidelberg. Tomanek, M., Juricek, J. (2015). Project risk management model based on PRINCE2 and SCRUM frameworks.arXiv preprint arXiv:1502.03595.

Colchester, M. Indigenous peoples and protected areas Rights, principles and practice

Descriptive Essay SPLISH SPLASH †English Paper(100 Level Course)

Descriptive Essay SPLISH SPLASH – English Paper(100 Level Course) Free Online Research Papers Descriptive Essay SPLISH SPLASH English Paper(100 Level Course) My happy place is a huge, white mass that sits in the corner of my bathroom. This gigantic bowl is the one place in my house releases all my stress when I’m in it. The bathtub, I believe can cure almost anything. It’s soothing and isolated for those days when you want to shut out the world and curl up in your own little cocoon. Or on those rainy nights when you want to sit in hot water and listen to the rain hit the roof top. While I sit inside the soothing, warm waters I begin to feel at peace. The dark room makes the bubbles glisten in the candlelight. As I begin to grow warm I feel a sudden tiredness come over me. I lay my head back and rest as the scent of the bubble bath begins to fill the room. At this point everything has been lifted and I feel like I am in my incubator and never want to leave. During the time when I am inside the bathtub I hear slow music in the background. Whether this is music I am playing on a CD or singing myself, depends. The light sound of cracking bubbles also is present in my quiet surrounding. Sometimes the rather vivid and annoying noise of the jets will accompany my music but isn’t on for long because of its disturbing loudness. As I sit back with my eyes closed I can almost hear the candles glowing, as if they were angels singing praises to God. All the sounds I hear in the bathtub, besides the occasional jets, contribute to my peaceful, serine atmosphere. When closing my eyes and listening to my music I begin to smell the freshness of the bubble bath. The perfumed oil has now become beautiful bubbles of delicious scents. The smell of cinnamon and flowers are also present from the candles setting all around my bathtub. Together these different scents make up the most magnificent peaceful aroma. Taking baths is one of my favorite things to do. From the sound of bubbles to the smell of fresh flowers, baths are peaceful indulgences. When inside the warm, scented liquid you will feel a total peace and calming. The worries and responsibilities of your hectic life will disappear for this short time period and you will find yourself in another world. A world all your own that nobody can take from you. Research Papers on Descriptive Essay SPLISH SPLASH - English Paper(100 Level Course)The Spring and AutumnThe Masque of the Red Death Room meaningsHip-Hop is ArtWhere Wild and West MeetMind TravelUnreasonable Searches and SeizuresAnalysis Of A Cosmetics AdvertisementThe Hockey GameNever Been Kicked Out of a Place This NiceQuebec and Canada

Personal Finance Concepts Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Personal Finance Concepts - Essay Example The most important asset classes are stocks, bonds, and cash. Because these investments perform differently depending on economic conditions, a good balance can keep a portfolio strong in a wide range of economic situations. In this sense, asset allocation may be the most important form of diversification. As my goal is to accumulate funds for retirement, growth of investments is of high importance and the time horizon is long, I may take on more risk by investing more in stocks with potential for higher returns. NBC Capital Corp. is a holding company for subsidiaries providing a range of financial services, including banking, trust services, mortgage services, insurance and investment products in east Mississippi and Tuscaloosa, AL. As of Mar. 31, 2004, total assets were $1.1 billion, total deposits were $832 million and stockholders' equity was $114 million. There are three basic types of bond funds: treasury bond funds, municipal bond funds, and corporate bond funds. The returns of these bond funds differ according to the amount of risk inherent in each fund. Treasury Bonds - have a maturity exceeding 10 years and the Treasury issued them in denominations ranging from $1,000 to $1 million. The U.S. Treasury no longer issues Treasury Bonds, however you can still buy them on the secondary market. Many corporations issue (or float) bonds to borrow money for operations. Bonds are typically issued at $1,000 par. Par is another word for "face amount." Long-term bonds have maturities of 10 to 40 years. They generally pay interest semi-annually. Many bonds may be recalled prior to maturity by the issuer. Municipal bonds (nicknamed munis) are bonds issued by

Research Proposal related to crime and prisoners issues

Related to crime and prisoners issues - Research Proposal Example The high demand for prison space has led to a relatively high population, despite the fact that the nation aims to construct new prison beds. This study will focus on prison overcrowding in the United States of America. Inmates’ data over the years will be studied carefully, as this is a concern due to the increased number as days pass by. Moreover, the cost of an inmate will be analyzed, as well as a choice to add new facilities. One particular prison will be selected, whereby the inmates and guards will be the research population. This paper will discuss critically how funding is a vital role in overcrowding and its impact on the prison system. Prison overcrowding impacts all criminal justice agencies. According to statistics, one of the largest prisons in the country is overcrowded and every one out of 99.1 adults is currently in prison. The generation-long growth of inmates’ population is not because of growing crime rates, but of changes in sentencing policy. The s kyrocketed population of American prisons severely strains the criminal justice system logistically and financially. Prison overcrowding has more than a few negative effects upon inmates. Studies have revealed that prison overcrowding leads to competition for limited resources, higher illness rates, increased recidivism, higher suicide rates, and aggression. In addition, the overcrowded conditions are degrading and dehumanizing for the inmates, this is incongruous to the contemporary correctional reforms, which insist on maximizing the opportunities to inmates. There are several ways to reduce prison overcrowding, more comprehensive alternative is house arrest and community service, which are alternatives to incarceration, and new prison buildings. In the year 1980, the number of inmates was roughly 500,000. In the year 2006, the number of inmates was 2,245,189. Currently, this

Classroom Management - Setting Expectations Essay

Classroom Management - Setting Expectations - Essay Example 13). Classroom areas for consideration include 1) entering the classroom. Students should enter the classroom in a quiet and orderly way, look at the board to see what they need, get their materials, and sit down to start the warm-up activity. 2) hallway conduct. Students should be in a straight line when traveling down the hallway as a class. They should travel on the right side of the hallway and stop and start when directed. 3) answering questions in class. Students should raise their hands and wait to be recognized before answering a question from the teacher. 4) homework. Students should have homework ready to turn in at the beginning of class and may not work on it after the bell signals the start of class. 5) lunch. Students will line up at the door before lunch, and travel to the cafeteria together in a straight quiet queue. Students will make sure their eating area is clean before leaving the cafeteria. 6) taking roll. Students should be sitting quietly in their seats when the b ell rings. The teacher will take roll as students complete a warm-up activity to start instruction. 7) cooperative groups. Student groups should be quiet and focused, with significant contributions from each group member. 8) personal conduct. Students should treat each other, themselves, and school property with appropriate respect conveyed through their language and actions. Allowing students to participate in creating rules, procedures and consequences offers several advantages. First, it demonstrates to students that their standards for comfort and order are important to you, and that you desire to make them feel comfortable. It also allows a teacher to consider rules, procedures and consequences that they simply might not have thought of otherwise. Lastly, it demonstrates early in the teacher-student relationship that they will be

Biography On Anton Van Leeuwenhoek History Essay

Biography On Anton Van Leeuwenhoek History Essay Human life is abundant of the deepest perspective towards the minutest aspects. Some of these are the result of our instinctive origination while the remainders owe their majority to Anton Van Leeuwenhoek, the man to whom the world looked as the individual who grafted the preference for minuscule details into our conscience. For those who are privy of his whereabouts, need no mentioning, and for those who are oblivious, it would be just to say that todays Microbiology would be an impossibility if it has not been accounted to his contributions. Born in a Dutch family based in Deft, Leeuwenhoek grew up to walk in the dual steps of a tradesman and scientist, who was best designated as The Father of Microbiology. He was also considered as the first microbiologist, and through his indulgence in the improvement of the microscope, he ensured a proper establishment of Microbiology as an essential cog of science. Because of his valiant hardship, we have been able to savor ourselves through some exceptional microbiological technologies that hold prominence in both educational and medicinal applications. Animacules or microorganisms, as we refer to them today was the term that he coined to those single-celled organisms that he first observed and described using his handcrafted microscopes. Leeuwenhoek was also the first to document minuscule examination of muscle fibers, bacteria, spermatozoa, and most essential, the flow of blood in capillaries. If put concisely then Leeuwenhoek was one of those rare contributors, in the dearth of whom we would be still breathing in medieval period. THE BEGINNING The history subscribed to one of the most influential phenomena when Anton Van Leeuwenhoek was born on Oct. 24, 1632, in a decent Dutch family that was based in Delft, a modest town of the nation of Netherlands. His father was a basket-maker, while his mother belonged to a family of brewers. His parents, who seemed to be quite conservative in their approach preferred to further his education informally. His subjects comprised of mathematics and physical science, but languages missed the companionship of his educational endeavors, and this probably explains Dutch being his only lingual acquaintance. Despite of the decency of his familial background, Leeuwenhoek had to leave his education in between and at the callous age of 16, he was sent to Amsterdam, to become an apprentice at a linendrapers shop. There, he familiarized himself with the peculiar aspects of the profession and employed six years of his invaluable youth in gaining its expertise. However, soon his craving for the innovativeness dimmed the light of his apprenticeship, and he left his prevalent profession to search for what truly inspired his desires. Around 1654, Leeuwenhoek registered his return to the hometown of Delft and in an auspicious event, he communed himself in a marital relationship with Barbara De May. She bore him five children. The bond of marriage brought mandatory responsibilities on Vans shoulders and for its proper execution; he bought a house and a shop and established himself in the business as a draper. For the substantial number of years linen draping seemed to be the only profession that fortified his indulgence in any commercial prospect to an extent that at one point it appeared that the draper would be his social attire for the rest of his life, which could have introduced a drastic paragraph in the pages of the history. Then, in the year of 1660, he was appointed Chamberlin to the sheriffs of Delft. It was a post that he held for about thirty-nine years. For the next thirteen years the identity of Chamberlin elucidated Leeuwenhoeks professional front and the rest of his activities were concealed by the obliviousness. However, he must have developed the habit of grinding lenses to employ them in the construction of simple microscope. The event that solidified the existence of his interest occurred in the year 1668 when he journeyed to England in the companionship of one of his microscopes. He used it to examine chalk from the cliffs of Kent. At that time, Leeuwenhoek lacked any sort of professionalism in the field of microscopy, and was unprepared to describe any logical conclusions. Vigilant observation, cautious documentation and the prevention of hasty conclusions were the essentials of his concept. His was a firm believer in the fact that each and every entity that dwells on this earth, be it living or non-living, is worth researching; it could be anything like a drop of rain, pepper-water, seeds, wooden bark, skin, open wounds and other bodily contributors, a beetle colliding against a window, or something as simple as an itch on his skin. He was equally allured by the hypothesis formulated by the likes of Jan Swammerdam, Christian Huygens, Boerhave and Harvey. Leeuwenhoek was the first to monitor the parasite Anisakis in the Hering. He also warned Hendrik about the worms in a fresh Hering, in a letter that he sent to him; he wrote: Wormkens in de holligheit van de buyk van de haring. Leeuwenhoek was also the foremost person to discover that the composition of a living cell accounts to 80% water, and was the discoverer of the technique of microdissections on insects. This procedure enabled him to become a recipient of remarkable outcomes that overshadowed the modern standards that were in fashion in that particular time. Leeuwenhoek should be credited with the foundation of forensic microscopy, and it was a sheer luck for us that despite of the lack of accepted professionalism, he believed in a thorough procedural observation, and only after the decisive verification, he published his findings. He examined everything, ranging from biological specimens to mineral objects. He even performed an experiment with the gunpowder compound and provided a valuable suggestion to the French chief-commander to shorten the barrel in order to approach maximum effect. Leeuwenhoek had a friendly and polite character, and he spoke with empathy and compassion about his fellow-men and ill people and visited them. His regular acquaintances were the lepers in a leper-hospital that was bricked in the city of Haarlem. However this account arose some contradictions, as it does not match to the view of some authors who consider him as the owner of ascetic character. FIRST RECOGNITION AND ROYAL SOCIETY OF LONDON Just like in a room draped in darkness, a brief speck of light is enough to enlighten an object of curiosity. The miniscule visual manifestation that Leeuwenhoek assembled from the sample of the chalk embarked his intellect, which in turn resulted in an autonomous gradation from curiosity to adamant passion. Soon, he devoted himself to the manufacturing of the microscopes and savored their aid in registering the detailed structure of the minute organisms, and it is a belief that the origination of his curiosity dated back to 1665 when he read Micrographia*, a brilliant work published by Robert Hooke. It is believed that it was this work that had probably stimulated his adamant interest in the world of minuscule. [*Note: It is a historical account documented by Robert Hooke that comprised of thirty-years long observation that he performed through various lenses. The book was published in the auspicious month of September 1665, which was the Royal Societys first key publication, and was the first scientific best-seller that inspired a wide public interest in the field of microscopy. It is also noteworthy for coining the biological jargon, cell.] Nurturing his interest like a gardener nurtures his plants, Leeuwenhoek dwelled deeper into the construction of microscopes, and it was during this period that he found the use of single lenses of very short focal length preferable than the compound microscopes that were processed back then; and the brilliance of the discoveries that he made using these back their reliabilities. Nonetheless, his resilience and austerity enhanced his observational skills and when the autumn applauded the arrival of the year 1673 through a progressive intensity, Vans attempts paid off via Regnier De Graff. Graaf, was a brilliant young physician of Delft, who accidentally acquainted himself with the discoveries made by Leeuwenhoek and in a favourable swirl of fate, his discoveries generated an immaculate impression on the former one to an extent that he wrote a letter about the latters works to Henry Oldenburg, Secretary of the Royal Society in London. This letter was published in  Philosophical Transactions,  and Oldenburg wrote to the author requesting further communications. Graafs initiative brought the microbiologist under Oldenburgs merger attention that in turn resulted in the former writing a letter to the Royal Society*. His first letter contained some observations on the stings of bees. However, he never wrote an authentic scientific paper. The explanation of his discoveries was a scramble of letters written in Low Dutch that sometimes were objectionable by some society members. [*Note: The Royal Society was an organization formed in 1662 under a royal charter granted by Charles II. Devoted to register fresh technological developments in the field of science, the societys aim was to facilitate the scientists in achieving their goals.] The initiators and perhaps the earliest members of the Royal Society who were also the designers of modern English Speculative Freemasonry, included prominent intellectuals from the invisible college as William Viscount Brouncker, Robert Moray, Robert Boyle, William Petty, John Wilkins, Christopher Wren, Robert Hooke, Elias, Ashmole and Isaac Newton. Although a direct evidence regarding to his early indulgence in the society is missing, the accumulation of the substantial number of clues indicate towards his lineage with a Vrijmetselaar or with the inspiration originating from Masonic attitudes. As it is believed that the superficiality certifies the outcome of ones intellectuality. Such occurred with Leeuwenhoek in the initial period of his relationship with the Royal Society. It was a probability that the organizational constitution of his papers would have biased the members minds who preferred a more mannered approach to the detailing. In a probable consequence, they challenged the existence of such minute organisms as his animalcules and waived the possibility of the authenticity of such idea. Leeuwenhoek, who attired generosity in the beginning, soon became wearied of it and he presented the society with the thorough account of his methodical approach in estimating their sizes through their diametrical comparison to the objects that fell under the direct measurable dimensions. Through the implication of rational computations, he predicted their volumes from their perceptible diameters. Through the illustrational cohesion of his subjects and the spherical and objects he simplified his explanation for the members to understand. He depicted the possibility of the existence of literally a million microbes in the volume that equals a grain of sand. By progressively comparing objects of decreasing size with one another, he proved for example that protozoan  cilia  are thousands-fold smaller than a human hair. Even though the successful exhibition of the protozoan cell, the society still attired doubt around itself, so it wrote a letter and wished its interest in renting his microscope for a span of few days. However, Leeuwenhoek, who until now had developed a inseparable adoration towards his instrument denied its handover, even if it was transitory in nature. The members were privy that until and unless a proper inspection would continue to facilitate its share of obliviousness, substantiation would not be possible. Therefore, in order to arrive to a judgement, they appointed two scientists- Nehemiah Grew and Robert Hooke to validate the credibility of his experiments. Credited with the new responsibility by the society, both the men initiated a serious attempt to corroborate Leeuwenhoeks observations. Their initial effort acquainted them to failure, which put his report under doubtful perspective. However, Hooke, who was adamant in his attitude, despite of the ambiguity, found a faint credibility in the microbiologists study. He again tried using a microscope with 330 X (power of magnification). The results that second trial generated, brought a smile on his face, and confirmed Leeuwenhoeks success. Both the scientists reported the resultant similarity in their observations and to those that Leeuwenhoek explained in his letters. The society, despite of its scepticism, accepted Leeuwenhoeks claims, and in the same year Graaf sent them a letter, they conveyed a delegation to Delft. Their words relayed reluctance and showed an inclination towards a forceful methodical acceptance, but their rave report confirmed Vans declaration. Just like in the morning, a drop of dew enhances the beauty of the leaf it perches; in the same way the remarkable authentication of the microbiologists claims generated immaculate allurement over substantial number of prominent figures around Europe, which included even the Future Queen Anne of England and Tsar Pytor I of Russia. They failed in keeping themselves away from witnessing the demonstration of his marvels. His fame soon ensured his undeviating place in the history of science and a few years later he was elected to full membership in the society. However, his attendance to the organizations meeting registered absence, and did his signature on the societys membership catalogue. Leeuwenhoeks correspondence with the Royal Society was initiated through a series of letters that he wrote in Dutch, which then were translated into English or Latin and included in the Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society. They were often reprinted separately. His entire observations were explained in letters that numbered to at least two hundred. They were addressed either to the society or to his friends. Leeuwenhoeks letters comprised of random observations with little coherence that were written in an informal style. However, despite of the casualness that the description of his observations attired, he avoided the fusion of the facts with his speculations that could otherwise lead to confusion. His vigilance resulted in the effortless identification of numerous organisms that he described in his catalogue. To give some of the flavor of his discoveries, we present extracts from his observations, together with modern pictures of the organisms that Leeuwenhoek saw. An amusing facet to add in Antons life is that he considered his own artistic skills capable enough to execute the vital task of illustrating his findings. Therefore, for almost all the instances, he hired limners* to commence that short of work. [Note*: Originated illuminators, i.e. artists and engravers that we now know as illustrators or commercial artists.] LEEUWENHOEKS MICROSCOPES Just like a musician without his instruments or a painter without his brushes are mere statistical puppets in the pages of history, in the same way an introduction to Leeuwenhoek without mentioning the medium of his genius would be just like a pizza served without any toppings. The number and quality of Leeuwenhoeks mikroskoops (as they were known back then) and the ones that survived share ambiguous certainty. However, through a mutual agreement it can be said that he constructed at least several hundred of them, out of which about two hundred and fifty were complete. Amongst those most of them included a mounted specimen and also about two hundred mounted lenses. STRUCTURAL MAGNIFICANCE Leeuwenhoeks microscopes were simple magnifying glasses comprised of single spherical or biconvex lens that were mounted amidst two copper, brass or silver plates. The size of the plates matched the modern microscopic slides, i.e. about 1/3 inches. The object that was subjected to the examination was raised, lowered, or rotated by threaded screws attached to the plate. His device also included one of the first mechanical micromanipulation systems. However, Hooke had already accomplished this with a touch of differentiation. It was a possibility that Leeuwenhoek must have understood early that the shallow depth of field of strong microscopic lenses had ruled out focusing on microorganisms by hand. Like modern objective lenses, his lenses were extremely small with short focal lengths of 1-2 millimeters. There was requirement with the lenses; it was a need to consign them close to the eyes, and adequate practice and good eyesight were mandatory factors for their usage. The plates were c arved up to provide adequate grasp between the eyebrow and cheek like a jewellers monocle loupe. Following a standard scientific procedure, the plates were held in a horizontal position with the threaded stem used as a handle peeping away from the nose. Estimates of microscopes magnifying power vary from about 200 to 500 diameters, and if the higher number is true then he had achieved about a third or even a half of the highest magnification possible with visible light! The sizes of the objects that he mentioned in his reports and the finesse that attired the detailing of his drawings do bear out their astonishing optical precision and to Antons own skills as one of the very first microscopists in history. LENSES According to the numerous references in many accounts of Leeuwenhoeks work consider him as an inventor of microscopes. However, he did not invent his single-lens microscope. It is Robert Hookes Micrographia, which illustrates the conjectural benefit of using minimal possible number of lenses. Hooke also provided a detailed description of the process of the creation of small round lenses that involved the drawing and fusion of fine glass whiskers into tiny spheres. His technique included the fixing of multiple spheres to a sheet of wax for simultaneous pulverization and polishing of the attachment sites of the whiskers. His methodical approach reveals his practical experience in the construction of such lenses. He even explained the process of mounting a tiny single-lens on a needle-hole perforated through a thin metal plate, which was in exact resemblance with Van Leeuwenhoek microscope. Hooke presumed them to be the superior microscopes, but the annoying twirl of fate introduced him to a mordant outcome when the difficulty of their usage surfaced due to the need of holding them close to the eye. But as it is said that it is the lifes excruciating experiences that account to the learning of survival, such occurrence encouraged him to add an extra lens near the eye. This modification gave birth to the compound microscope and the lens is known as the eyepiece lens. Hookes indulgement with the microscope shows the possibility of Van Leeuwenhoek picking up his design from Hooke, and therefore an speculation can be drawn that the later one is better viewed as a discoverer rather than as an inventor. Even though we are to be believed, that Leeuwenhoek was the one who used to ground his lenses, but the fact is that its authenticity will always lurk behind ambiguity. His unvarying dissembling that an exceptional requirement of time, skill and effort were coherent ingredients of his construction method, is consistent with his common unwillingness to teach or encourage competitors. In the dearth of direct evidence, it can at least be speculated that he actually copied Hookes procedure and fabricated lenses by pulling and fusing spherical globules with smoother planes than he could ever have accomplished by grinding. Once, a German sojourner Zacharias Konrad Zetloch Von Uffenbach gave a long visit to Van Leeuwenhoek who chivalrously entertained him with countless wonders. However, instead of expressing his gratitude, the former one ungraciously wrote in memoir: When we further inquired of Herr Leeuwenhoek whether he ground all his lenses, and did not blow any? He denied this, but displayed great contempt for the blown glasses. He pointed out to us how thin his  microscopia were, compared with others  (This phrase seems to indicate that one man or the other had seen instruments of like construction that may have predated Antonjs own. ed.),  and how close together the  laminae  were between which the lens lay, so that no spherical glass could be thus mounted; all his lenses being ground, contrariwise, convex on both sides. As regards the blown glasses, Herr Leeuwenhoek assured us that he had succeeded, after ten years speculation, in learning how to blow a serviceable kind of glasses which were not round. My brother was unwilling to believe this, but took it for a  Dutch joke (a snide German euphemism for a lie ed.); since it is impossible, by blowing, to form anything but a sphere, or rounded end.   von Uffenbach, 1710. Despite of the nature of Uffenbachs excerpt, the inducement of too much effort of the individual grinding of each lens is undeniable in comparison to the ones that are fabricated in a span of one of two minutes via a spirit lamp and a blowpipe. In a sharp contrast to the modern method, which governs the usage of a single microscope and numerous disposable slides fixed placed on a fixed or moveable stage, Leeuwenhoek was in a habit of building a new microscope for separate captivating specimen. He considered the complete instruments as permanent settings for his choicest specimens, which is why it can be speculated that he might have built hundreds of them. Due the secrecy that Leeuwenhoek maintains in his methods, the predictability of his works always share ambiguity; for an example, it is still unclear that how he obtained the necessary illumination to achieve his remarkable results. Clifford Dobell suggested that he might have discovered some simple method of dark-ground illumination, whereas Barnett Cohen contradictorily stated that Van Leeuwenhoek might have exploited the optical properties of spherical drops of fluid containing the objects under observation. THE ARCHWAY OF A DISCOVERER Leeuwenhoek through his resilient genius gave the field of Microbiology numerous discoveries that provided the foothold of which it boasts today. His researches in the life history of the lower forms of animal life directly counteracted the accepted principle that they are a result of spontaneous regeneration or bred from corruption. He also showed that the weevils of granaries that in his times were commonly assumed to be bred from wheat, are grubs hatched from eggs deposited by winged insects. In his chapter on the flea, he not only provided a detailed description on his structure, but also traced out the whole history of its metamorphoses from its first emergence from the egg to the adulthood. Even today, if we perform a thorough observation of its growth process, we will find it extremely captivating. It is owed not so much for the precision of his observation, as for its incidental disclosure of the extraordinary unawareness that was in existence back then in regard to the origin and propagation of this minuscule and despised creature, which some affirmed to be generated from sand, others from dust, others from the dung of pigeon and others from urine, but which he demonstrated to be gifted with as great excellence in its kind as any large animal, and proved to breed in the regular way of winged insects. He even made the note of the fact that the pupa of the flea is sometimes attacked and fed upon by a mite. This very particular observation suggested the well-known lines of Jonathan Swift. Being drawn to the blighting of the young shoots of fruit trees that was generally attributed the ants found upon them, Leeuwenhoek was the first to find the Aphides, the ones responsible for the ailment. He then made a thorough investigation in the history of their generation and observed the young existing in the bodies of their parents. He also did a vigilant study of the history of the ant and was the first to reveal that the commonly supposed ant eggs are really their pupae, holding the perfect insect nearly ready for emersion, at the same time the true eggs are far smaller, and give origin to maggots or larvae. He also provided a detailed explanation of another fact that sea mussel and other shellfish are not generated out of the mud or sand found on the seashore or the beds of rivers at low water, but from spawn through the regular course of generation. This way he successfully counteracted to the defense of Aristotles doctrine put forward by F. Buonanni, a learned Jesuit of Rome. He maintained the same in proving the authenticity of the freshwater mussels origination. The observation that he did on their ova was so precise that he witnessed the rotation of the embryo, a phenomenon that is believed to share its part of revelation long afterwards. With an equal enthusiasm, he investigated the generation of eels, which at that time were commonly supposed to be produced from dew without the ordinary process of generation. It is a surprise that the individuals who were a believer in it did not only comprise of ignorant, but respectable and learned men too. He not only entertained himself as the first discoverer of the rotifers, but he depicted hoe wonderfully nature has provided for the preservation of their species, by their tolerance of the drying-up of the water they inhabit, and the resistance that they generated to the evaporation of the bodily fluids via the construction of an impermeable casing in which they then become enclosed. We can now easily conceive, he says, that in all rainwater which is collected from gutters in cisterns, and in all waters exposed to the air, animalcules may be found; for they may be carried thither by the particles of dust blown about by the winds. A REVELATION SO PROMINENT When the summer steeped on the first step of the seasonal staircase and the year registered itself under 1974, Leeuwenhoek, through the induction of his brilliance, made an important discovery that was going to prove one of the major beneficiaries to the medical field. He provided a description of red blood cells, which was done with so much precision that he outshined his contemporaries Marcello Malpighi and Jan Swammerdam. In a fair estimation he catalogued their size, in modern terminology, 8.5 microns in diameter, the correct value is 7.7 microns. Leeuwenhoek sent a folio of sic pages to the Royal Society, in which he wrote about the microscopy of blood, and the structure of bone, teeth, liver, and brain; and the growth of epidermis. He also delivered finely cut sections of his specimens enwrapped in four envelopes pasted to the last sheet of the letter. He prepared them by his own hands for the interest of the society. These samples present great insight into Leeuwenhoeks manual dexterity as a microtomist. However, his talent for sample preparation got erased from the historical leaflets, partially because his later discoveries were so much dazzling that they outshone everything else. The dependency of the precision of his observation was in a direct proportion to his meticulousness that was involved in the preparation of the slice of the sample. This reflects his infinitesimal patience. Many samples were successful in surviving for three-and-a-half centuries and are still viewable under the modern microscopes, but the others were ruined by fungal growth, due to moisture, and it is impossible to study them now. In the same year of 1674, he gave an immaculate description of the beautiful alga Spirogyra and various ciliated and flagellated protozoa that he discovered in a single vial of pond scum, which he had taken from the Berkelse Mere, a small lake near Delft. This occasion could be considered the simultaneous births of the fields of Microbiology, protozoology (now called protistology) and phycology. He also found that yeast consists of individual plant-like organisms. Eight years later in 1682, Leeuwenhoek gave a clarified description of the nucleus within the red blood cells of fish, and in the year that followed, he perceived the sedimentation of erythrocytes from a suspension and their lysis on the addition of water. In the same year, he discovered the lymphatic capillaries and mentioned them in the description of blood capillaries in the intestine. He explained them as different capillaries containing a white fluid, like milk. THE INGREDIENT OF PROSPERITY For the next couple of years Leeuwenhoek depicted negligible accomplishment in explaining anything that could lead to the extraordinary advancement of the science of his time. His observations concerning the circulatory system of transparent tadpoles were obsolete, which only strengthened the popular notion of him following Swammerdam, Hooke and other anatomists. A time came when it seemed the Van would become only a little better than an average anatomist. Then, fate took a favourable turn of the situation when in 1676 he shifted his focus on the objects that existed in the blind corner of the anatomists. They included; cheese-rind fungi, animal sperm, bile liquid from different species of animals, crystals formed in urine, exploding gun powder, plaque that he extracted from his teeth, melted snow and a few others. However, the turning point of his career and the one that can be related to the origination of biology occurred when he attempted to interpret black pepper, the spice that was the reason for numerous European merchants prosperity, and an invaluable ingredient to the Dutch painters still-life masterpieces. The cause of his curiosity was his want to understand the reason behind the sweltering hot sensation that it caused in the mouth. Thorny protrusions resembling the ones found in thistle or a nettle were the ones that touched his expectations. He presumed them as the entities that stung the tongue. However the revelation that the dry peppercorn provided when observed under his microscope, hardly matched his satisfaction. This led him to think that it is the combination with the saliva that initiates these thorns into action. Therefore, he drenched the peppercorns in sterile water, but when he looked at the soaked peppercorns, instead of burry edges, he saw miniscule entities swimming in the water. However, that thought of those things to be some animalcules didnt appear in his mind. The examination of many types of water has grafted in him a very good understanding of waters purity, depending on the source. He had used sterile water from melted snow and covered the dish tightly so that nothing could fly from the air in the room. A couple of days later when he observed the pepper-water under his lens, he mentioned the observation something like this, à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦the water is so thick with them, that you might almost imagine you were looking at the spawn of fish, when the fish discharges its roe. His comprehensive notes reveal that he witnessed the existence of bacilli in that water. His experimentation continued from the month of April to the August with pepper-water. He made a note of everything he did and saw. Once Leeuwenhoek was done with pepper, he shifted his attention on ginger, cloves and nutmeg. He soaked them and observed under his microscope, but not to unearth the reason of their taste, he wanted to compare their animalcules with those of pepper-water. From his meticulous description of his observation of the spice waters and other diverse natural waters, it becomes apparent that he saw flagellates, ciliates, bacteria and rotifers. Leeuwenhoeks 18th letter to the Royal Society is regarded as is most striking and immaculate account of description. It is also known as the letter on protozoa, it consists of seventeen pages of closely written text in a neat, small handwriting. A copy of the letter was also delivered to Constantijn Huygens, Christians father. It

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Turkish Economy - Structure and Grwoth At the time of the collapse of the Ottoman Empire during World War I, the Turkish economy was underdeveloped: agriculture depended on outmoded techniques and poor-quality livestock, and the few factories producing basic products such as sugar and flour were under foreign control. Between 1923 and 1985, the economy grew at an average annual rate of 6 percent. In large part as a result of government policies, a backward economy developed into a complex economic system producing a wide range of agricultural, industrial, and service products for both domestic and export markets. Economic Development At the birth of the republic, Turkey's industrial base was weak because Ottoman industries had been undermined by the capitulations. World War I and the War of Independence (1919-22) also had extensively disrupted the Turkish economy. The loss of Ottoman territories, for example, cut off Anatolia from traditional markets. Agricultural output--the source of income for most of the population--had dropped sharply as peasants went to war. Even the production of wheat, Turkey's main crop, was insufficient to meet domestic demand. In addition, massacres and the emigration of Greeks, Armenians, and Jews, who had dominated urban economic life, caused a shortage of skilled laborers and entrepreneurs. Turkey's economy recovered remarkably once hostilities ceased. From 1923 to 1926, agricultural output rose by 87 percent, as agricultural production returned to prewar levels. Industry and services grew at more than 9 percent per year from 1923 to 1929; however, their share of the economy remained quite low at the end of the decade. By 1930, as a result of the world depression, external markets for Turkish agricultural exports had collapsed, causing a sharp decline in national income. The government stepped in during the early 1930s to promote economic recovery, following a doctrine known as etatism (see Glossary). Growth slowed during the worst years of the depression but between 1935 and 1939 reached 6 percent per year. During the 1940s, the economy stagnated, in large part because maintaining armed neutrality during World War II increased the country's military expenditures while almost entirely curtailing foreign trade. After 1950 the country suffered economic disruptions about once a decade; the most serious crisis occurred in the late... ...h. Structure of the Economy In the years after World War II, the economy became capable of supplying a much broader range of goods and services. By 1994 the industrial sector accounted for just under 40 percent of GDP, having surpassed agriculture (including forestry and fishing), which contributed about 16 percent of production. The rapid shift in industry's relative importance resulted from government policies in effect since the 1930s favoring industrialization (see fig. 8). In the early 1990s, the government aimed at continued increases in industry's share of the economy, especially by means of export promotion. Services increased from a small fraction of the economy in the 1920s to just under half of GDP by 1994. Several factors accounted for the growth of the services sector. Government--already sizable under the Ottomans--expanded as defense expenditures rose; health, education, and welfare programs were implemented; and the government work force was increased to staff the numerous new public organizations. Trade, tourism, transportation, and financial services also became more important as the economy developed and diversified. ________________________________________

Men and Women in Business Society Essay

It is said that in nowadays we live in a modern and developing world where people have unlimited opportunities for development.Widely supported statement is the one which says that the individual success fully depends on the individual abilities and skills.Although it is true,still there are some prejudices which reflect on us and our choice.In our more tolerant community(compared to the past) discrimination is unacceptable but unfortunatelly it still exists. More particularly we will pay attention to one popular belief in the sphere of business according to which men are better leaders than women.Where does this statement come from?What are the differences between businessmen and businesswomen?We will compare men and women in the business society and we will try to find out the truth. It is not a secret that men and women have some significant misunderstandings in their way of thinking and character. As it is said-Men are from Mars and Women from Venus. But lets take a closer look at what exactly show the surveys and statistics.According to them in tensed situations men are more cold-blooded while women are subordinated to emotions.Women are more insecure and prefer to do the things on their own,while men would rather give the task to someone else.That is why because unlike women,men feel comfortable giving orders to other people.Men prefer using competition to cooperation,in the contrary women prefer cooperation to competition because women really appreciate their social contacts on their working place.In difficult moment men accept that obstacle as ‘’problem-solution’’while women-‘’situation-reaction’’.For men taking risks is a question of profits. They ask themselves-‘’What will I win taking this risk?’’For women taking risks is a question of sacrifice or ‘’What is the price of this risk?’’, ‘’What will I have to sacrifice taking it?’’Women accept success as happy concurrence of circumstances while men in case of success take merit to themselves. From all mentioned above we come to a conclusion that women are more emotional and they pay more attention to their feelings-Business as a game of interests does not tolerate such behavior. That is why the sensibility of women and their subordination to criticism are perceived as disadvantage. In spite of all statistics and statements of psychologists my personal opinion is that we do not have to make a difference between a man and a woman. In spite of all supporting the thesis that men are better business leaders we-women know that the best way, in which men can obey to the women, is to remain them to belive that they are the leaders.So weather men are better business leaders or we women let them(in purpose) believe so is still a question with no answer.

The Best SAT Reading Practice Tests and Questions

The Best SAT Reading Practice Tests and Questions SAT / ACT Prep Online Guides and Tips When preparing for SAT Reading, it’s crucial to use high-quality practice materials that accurately reflect the content of the real test. In this article, I will go through the best resources for SAT Reading practice materials, both online and in printed prep books. Why Are High-Quality SAT Practice Materials So Important? If you practice with low-quality materials, you’ll end up with low-quality results no matter how long you spend studying.Many test-prep companies release their own versions of SAT questions that are supposedly comparable to questions on the real test.DO NOT use these questions exclusively for practice! The SAT creates questions in a very specific standardized format, and if you’re not used to it, you could be in for a rude awakening on the test.Additionally, using mostly unofficial practice materials will invariably give you a skewed sense of your expected SAT score.You don’t want to think you’re scoring at a certain level and then be faced with a nasty surprise when your scores on the real SAT are much lower. For the Reading section, it’s doubly important to find practice materials that are high quality because there are always two components: the questions and the passages.Even if the questions are in the same format as questions on the real SAT, if the passages aren’t at the same difficulty level, you won’t be getting great practice (and vice versa). On top of using high-quality materials, you should also use realistic time constraints when you take practice tests.If you don’t time yourself accurately, you will not be able to reliably predict your scores on the real test.Time is a huge factor on the SAT, and learning to manage it properly is key to earning a high score. For the SAT Reading section, you'll have 65 minutes to answer 52 questions. In the next couple of sections, I'll list some of the best resources for SAT Reading practice materials. Free Printable Official SAT Reading Practice Tests This first set of printable official practice test PDFsaccurately reflects the material currently covered on the SAT: Practice Test 1:Questions|Answers|Answer Explanations Practice Test 2:Questions|Answers|Answer Explanations Practice Test 3:Questions|Answers|Answer Explanations Practice Test 4:Questions|Answers|Answer Explanations Practice Test 5:Questions|Answers|Answer Explanations Practice Test 6:Questions|Answers|Answer Explanations Practice Test 7:Questions|Answers|Answer Explanations Practice Test 8:Questions|Answers|Answer Explanations Practice Test 9: Questions | Answers| Answer Explanations Practice Test 10: Questions | Answers | Answer Explanations You also have access to four other printable tests that are from before the 2016 SAT redesign. You can still use those if you run out of materials, but keep in mind that the test has changed significantly. Stay familiar with the most up-to-date format and content even if you use some passage-based reading questions from these old tests for practice. Note that Sentence Completion questions are no longer part of the Reading section, so you should skip over them if you're using older practice materials. Official SAT Printable Practice Test 2013-14:Questions|Solutions Official SAT Printable Practice Test 2012-13:Questions|Solutions Official SAT Printable Practice Test 2007-08:Questions|Solutions Official SAT Printable Practice Test 2004-05:Questions|Solutions Online SAT Reading Practice This section goes over the best SAT Reading practice you can find online. It includes both official and unofficial sources. The College Board Official College Board questions are the best way to practice for the SAT, so their online resources in terms of practice questions are the best ones you can find.The website gives you immediate feedback on whether you answered a question correctly as well as answer explanations (though these explanations are not always as thorough as they should be in terms of explaining why wrong answers are wrong). The automatic scoring is great, but it isn’t a substitute for taking a real timed practice test with pencil and paper,so make sure you supplement with printable tests as well. Khan Academy Khan Academy has partnered directly with the College Board, so they useofficial SAT questions to help you practice. That means the materials are some of the best you can find outside of the College Board website itself. You cansign up for a free account here. One negative for this website is that thetotal number of practice questions is limited,so you will probably have to supplement it with other resources. It's especially sparse on Reading questions for the time being. It also doesn't include test-taking strategies, and its lessons and answer explanations aren't quite as in-depth as they should be for students who don't understand the questions. However, it does include multiple videos, which some people find more helpful than written explanations. You canread more about the pros and cons of the Khan Academy program in this article. PrepScholar Not to toot our own horn, but toot.We offer a free five-day trial of our test-prep program.The program will assess your strengths and weaknesses and give you practice questions to fit the specific areas where you need improvement.Basically, it does all the hard work of SAT studying (analyzing your problem areas and zeroing in on where you make the most mistakes) for you! The downside of this is that the questions are technically unofficial, and you do have to pay to sign up for PrepScholar after the free trial. However, our test experts have worked very hard to make the questions as similar to material on the real SAT as possible, and you'll get your money back if you don't improve by 160 points or more. CrackSAT.net There are a ton of free SAT Reading practice tests on this website that you can download. It will give you answer keys along with PDFs of the tests so you can print out, take, and score everything yourself.This means you’re going to have to rely on your own hard work to understand your mistakes, which takes a little more time, but it’s rewarding in the end. Ivy Global Test-prep company Ivy Global offers two full-length unofficial SAT practice tests. Although these tests weren't made by the College Board, theystrongly resemble official SAT practice tests in both form and content.This is a great resource to use if you exhaust all official practice tests but still want some additional SAT Reading practice. Want to learn more about the SAT but tired of reading blog articles? Then you'll love our free, SAT prep livestreams. Designed and led by PrepScholar SAT experts, these live video events are a great resource for students and parents looking to learn more about the SAT and SAT prep. Click on the button below to register for one of our livestreams today! SAT Reading Prep Books You can find further practice tests and materials in SAT prep books, although they can also get expensive. The Official SAT Study Guide ("Blue Book") The old edition of this book includes10 official SAT practice tests. If you get that version, you can practice your skills with the passage-based reading questions, which are still relevant today. The version of The Official SAT Study Guide thatwas released for the current SAT(pictured above) is not quite as helpful- it has eight practice tests, but they're already all available online for free. SAT Prep Black Book, Second Edition This book doesn't include its own practice materials, but it's full of great strategic advice for the SAT. The Black Bookreferences questions in the first four official SAT practice tests, so if you buy this book you should also download those four official SAT practice tests (for free!). The Black Book is particularly helpful on the Reading section, with a list of particular meanings of words like "anticipate" or "counter" that you'll need to know to answer Reading passage questions. Itwill also give you in-depth answer explanations for all the sections and insightful tips on how to get around the tricky wording of the questions. The Complete Guide to SAT Reading by Erica Meltzer This book is consistently one of our top picks for SAT Reading prep work.It breaks down the types of questions you’ll see, teaches you the skills you’ll need, and shows you how to consistently eliminate three out of four answers on every question.The sample passages in the book are also high quality, closely resemblingwhat you’ll see on the real SAT, so they’re great for practice! How to Get the Most From Your SAT Reading Practice Tests Now you know where to get the best SAT Reading practice tests, but you also need to know how to use them properly. Below are three tips to help you get the most out of your SAT practice tests and quizzes. Use Strict Timing It'simportant to follow official SAT time limits on practice tests. If you give yourself even just two extra minutes on the SAT Reading section, it could raise your section score significantly. Because you have more time to answer questions,your practice SAT Readingscore becomes inflated and doesn't give you an accurate indicator of your actual ability. The SAT Reading section lasts 65 minutes. That gives you about 75 seconds to answer each of the 52 Reading questions. Stick to this timing when you take practice tests! Review Your Mistakes Practice tests aren't just good for learning the format of the SAT Reading section- they're also great for helping you learn from your mistakes. For every practice SAT Reading section you take, spend time reviewing both questions you got wrong and questions you got right. If you don't know why you missed a question, don't just skip it and move on; doing so will keep you from learning what kind of mistake you made, raising your risk of making it over and over again. This habit can hamper your score pretty drastically. It's better to take three Reading sections with detailed review than 10 sections withoutreview. Don't Forget to Take a Complete SAT Although this article is specifically for SAT Reading practice, you'll want to take at least two complete SATs(and ideally four) during your study program so you'll be prepared for every section and know how well you hold up after several hours of testing. Check out our guide for free and official SAT practice tests. Summary: How to Use SAT Reading Practice Tests In preparing for SAT Reading, it's so important to use the best possible practice materials available to you.This means materials that most closely resemble what you’ll see on the real test. The best way to do this is to use mainly official SAT questions that come directly from the College Board.You can access these through a number of free printable PDFs of past full-length tests, SAT practice websites such as Khan Academy, and official prep books.If you want even more practice, you can use unofficial Reading questions, as long as you understand that these will not be as accurate as official questions. If you work on understanding your mistakes on questions that closely resemble the ones on the real test, you’ll be on your way to a great SAT Reading score! What's Next? Now that you have all these practice resources, read this articleto get some of our best tips for boosting your score on the SAT Reading section. More of a science and math person who's worried about the reading section? Take a look at my article on how to do well on SAT Reading for science- and math-oriented students. Also, read my article on the fundamental strategy of SAT Reading to learn about the #1 rule to keep in mind when answering each Reading question! Want to improve your SAT score by 160 points? Check out our best-in-class online SAT prep program. We guarantee your money back if you don't improve your SAT score by 160 points or more. Our program is entirely online, and it customizes what you study to your strengths and weaknesses. If you liked this Reading lesson, you'll love our program.Along with more detailed lessons, you'll get thousands ofpractice problems organized by individual skills so you learn most effectively. We'll also give you a step-by-step program to follow so you'll never be confused about what to study next. Check out our 5-day free trial:

Jim Henson

Jim Henson Jim Henson I was able to make many children happy during my lifetime. I had an interesting but short life and I would like to tell you about it.I was born in Stoneville, Mississippi on September 24, 1926. I only had one brother whose name is Paul Jr. I lived with my parents, my grandmother, and my brother. We were a middle lass family.At an early age I loved to draw. I was anxious to go to school like my brother did. I loved drawing birds when I looked outside in my front yard at the creek. My mother loved my drawings and was impressed with them. I also wanted to be on television. At Cub Scouts I made my first puppet show. I had a wonderful time doing it. I didn't realize that the puppet show at Cub Scouts would make my future.At sixteen I got a job at WTOP studios.Jim Henson Wooden Nickel

Employment Law- Sexual Orientation Discrimination in the Workplace Research Paper

Employment Law- Sexual Orientation Discrimination in the Workplace - Research Paper Example Sexual orientation or sexual preference was a topic that many people avoided for fear of retaliation. Employers do not have the right to discriminate against an individual based on his sexual orientation or preference. Who a person is involved with should not have any bearing on qualifications or work ethics. Literature review According to irem.org (2007), as of July 2007, discrimination on the basis of sexual orientation was prohibited in the states of California, Connecticut, Hawaii, Illinois, Iowa, Maine, Maryland, Massachusetts, Minnesota, Nevada, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New Mexico, and New York, and the states where discrimination on the basis of sexual orientation was not prohibited included Alabama, Alaska, Arizona, Arkansas, Delaware, Florida, Georgia, Idaho, Indiana, Kansas, Kentucky, Louisiana, Michigan, Mississippi, Missouri, Montana, Nebraska, North Carolina, North Dakota, Ohio, and Oklahoma. In Colorado, discrimination on the basis of sexual orientation was not prohib ited until August, 2007. In the states of Alaska, Delaware, and Indiana, discrimination on the basis of sexual orientation was only prohibited in the state employment whereas in the states of Louisiana and Montana, protection was only offered to the public employees. Likewise, as of July 2007, discrimination on the basis of gender identity was prohibited in the states of California, Connecticut, Hawaii, Illinois, Iowa, Maine, Massachusetts, Minnesota, New Jersey, and New Mexico whereas it was not prohibited in the states of Arizona, Arkansas, Delaware, Florida, Georgia, Idaho, Indiana, Kansas, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Michigan, Mississippi, Missouri, Montana, Nebraska, Nevada, New Hampshire, New York, North Carolina, North Dakota, Ohio, and Oklahoma. In Colorado, discrimination on the basis of gender identity was prohibited in August 2007 whereas in Indiana, protection was only offered to the state employees. This analysis suggests that in discrimination on the basis of sexual orientation or gender identity is not prohibited in the majority of states in the US. Twenty states in the US along with Washington, D.C. have enforced the anti-discrimination laws that prohibit any kinds of discriminatory practices on the basis of gender identity or sexual orientation. The first state in the US that enacted the anti-discrimination law was Wisconsin in the year 1982. Since 2002, seven states in the US have enforced similar laws. The Iowa Civil Rights Act was modified around the end of May, 2007, â€Å"when the Governor signed S.F. 427 into law making it illegal to discriminate in employment, public accommodation, credit, housing, and education based on a person's sexual orientation or gender identity† (irem.org, 2007, p. 2). Oregon’s governor made the legislation part of the law on 9 May 2007, according to which discrimination on the basis of sexual orientation as banned. According to Lambda Legal (2013), 49.97 per cent of the gay, lesbian, and bisexu al adults in the US live in states with anti-discriminatory laws that prohibit discrimination on the basis of gender identity or sexual orientation in numerous sectors including housing, employment, and the public accommodations. This percentage excludes the population of gay, lesbian, and bisexual adults that are residents of the cities with ordinances that prohibit the discrimination on

Professional plan Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Professional plan - Essay Example augmenting my ability to provide better healthcare to elderly patients through specializing in Geriatric medicine as it shows my respect for the dignity of human life and protection of the rights and ability of the elderly to live a healthy satisfied life. Further, I would like to achieve a point where I will be in a position to influence the decisions on patient care as a member of the nursing care committee to ensure these decisions positively influence the satisfaction and recovery process of the patients. I would like to be involved with nursing profession organizations including American Nursing Association (ANA), American Academy of Nursing, American Association of Critical Care Nurses (AACCN), American Nursing Informatics Association (ANIA), and American Association for the History of Nursing (AAHN) (Finkelman & Kenner, 2010). The main reasons for the choice to be a member of these organizations is due to the provision of an avenue to be notified of conventions, it will aid me keep up with changes in nursing practices, provision of networking opportunities, and certification offered by these organizations showing commitment for improving nursing practice. Access to publications and new insights offered through these nursing organizations are the other reason for joining them as a measure of keeping up with changes and roles of a care provider in a dynamic and changing health care environment. There are different avenues through which I will use to augment my education and skills for the better performance of duties and responsibilities in the course of my job and enhance my ability to rise in the profession and achieve my career goals (Masters, 2005). This include attending seminars and conferences that have a high ability to expand my knowledge and abilities, especially that deal with administration and patient care. Webinars is the other avenue available for me to ensure my skills and education is augmented in the coming years as it offers few courses

Disaster Management Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Disaster Management - Essay Example He/ she is also responsible for organizing and integrating a team that aims at rescuing and preventing further damage and deaths of people and domestic animals by the calamity. The chain of command is as follows. At the top most is the disaster commander who is in charge and responsible for the whole situation. Immediately under the disaster commander are the public information officer and liaison officers. The public information officer should understand principles of risks in communication. He/she is responsible for giving accurate public health information to the public and collaborating agencies. His/her role is to ensure that the message is consistent. The liaison officer, on the other hand, serves as a point of contact for supporting agencies and answering their questions and providing briefings whenever necessary. The officer also prevents the agencies from being bombarded with questions and requests. The next level includes the operations chief officer whose main work is to d evelop and implement strategies and tactics with the aim of carrying out incident objectives. He is responsible for organizing tactic resources and ensuring that there is good communication with the people delivering the resources. The planning chief officer also falls in this level and he/she is responsible for gathering, analyzing, and disseminating information. The personnel are responsible for compiling an incident action plan and focusing on what might come next within the incident. The personnel should possess qualities of good written and communication skills. Within the same level, the logistics chief officer is responsible for acquiring space and supplying equipment necessary for the incident. He/she should be fast, accurate, and precise. Finally, within the same level, a chief finance officer is responsible for ensuring proper contractual and financial processes are in place. He/she also ensures that the resources ordered are available and expanded if necessary. The financ ial officer should be familiar with financial systems and able to keep accurate financial data. The spilled carbon monoxide, oil, and many more hazards present within the residential houses are some of the environmental issues the public nurse has to deal with but are beyond her field of operation. Incidences of power loss and damage of houses are also beyond her area of operation, hence the need to work with different agencies in order to facilitate quick and prompt rescue mission. The health nurse relocates victims from their houses to safer shades in case of flooding. Under circumstances when clean water is not available, the public health nurse advices on drinking of boiled water and bottled water. In case of oil spillage and paints in a residential house, the health nurse contacts an environmental specialist to advice on how to clean up household hazards. The public health officer also helps victims through decision-making by being caring, understanding, and listening to their fears. He/she also helps the victims reduce anxiety and pressure. Under situations where the victim does not speak or understand English, the public health nurse uses gestures to communicate. This helps the nurse to go through the victim’